Jaime Banks, an associate professor and Ph.D. program director in the School of Information Studies (iSchool), has secured $600,000 in grant funding for an innovative research project focused on human interaction with artificial intelligence (AI).
The grant is funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through its Computer and Information Science and Engineering directorate and more specifically, the Human-Centered Computing funding arm. It is for research into the project, “Mind Perception in AI Companionship: Testing the Assumptions of Social Theories.”
Jaime Banks
As principal investigator, Banks, who in April 2024 was named the iSchool’s Katchmar-Wilhelm Endowed Professor, will lead an investigation into how language and social cognition shape the understanding of artificial intelligence. She will work with Caleb Carr, a professor of communications at Illinois State University, as co-principal investigator. iSchool Ph.D. student Zhixin Li will support their work.
The funding marks a significant milestone after two years of dedicated work in securing the grant, paving the way for a deep dive into social AI’s role in human lives. Over the next four years, Banks and her interdisciplinary team will explore the psychological and social dimensions of AI, addressing pressing questions about how people humanize and relate to the technologies.
Companies like Replika and Gatebox are relatively new technologies, designed to stave off loneliness in people through the development of AI companions. Recent news regarding AI has been about internet tools that students and workers can use to help lighten their workloads or how they optimize algorithms to capture attention in all kinds of insidious ways. Less attention is given to Social AI—machines designed to quench humans’ inherent need to connect with others. That is a critical gap in scientific knowledge and technology literacy because social AI are increasingly integrated into everyday social media use, and, as thought to have been driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, adopted as standalone technologies to help with loneliness.
The study looks at the social-cognitive processes involved in companion machines, from the way they are even referred to as “companions,” to the way they are designed to interact with users, to how they make users feel, Banks says. “We want to understand the subjective experience of seeing an AI companion as someone, and how that experience links to the positive or negative effects,” she says.
As Banks embarks on this research project, her work promises to contribute insights into the evolving relationship between humans and AI. By investigating the psychological and social factors that influence interactions with these technologies, Banks and her team aim to conduct rigorous scientific work—insights that may inform future developments in AI design as well as policy, practice, and ethics.
